Can Coconut Keep You Healthy?
31 Aug
As I wheeled a shopping cart through my local supermarket last week, I rounded the corner and saw a giant display that featured a photograph of crisp, blue ocean waters, clean white beach and palm trees loaded with coconuts. Piled high in the center were small bottles of coconut water and narrow glass containers of coconut oil.
I stopped and looked for a moment. As a health writer, I’m always intrigued by new foods and drinks, and what wellness benefits they may offer. And as a person whose exposure to coconut has been pretty limited, I was quite curious. As a kid, I saw coconuts used in myriad wacky ways on Gilligan’s Island. And I’ve certainly enjoyed shredded coconut on many a cake over the years. But now my interest was piqued: Can coconut contribute to good health? Come along on my coconut caravan as I find out!
Coconut Oil
I started by learning about coconut oil, which comes from the meat of the coconut and contains about 92% saturated fat. This means that when it comes to caloric content, coconut oil is very similar to other fats that people use for cooking; saturated fat-wise, it’s actually close to butter. It’s where the calories come from that may make coconut oil a bit healthier.
The calories in coconut oil are derived from fatty acids called medium-chain triglycerides, or MCTs. MCTs are shorter than long-chain triglycerides, or LCTs. MCTs have a shorter chain of molecules, which allows them to be absorbed faster and easier than other fats and metabolized by the digestive system more quickly. MCTs may also have a protective effect on the heart, by raising HDL (sometimes known as “good cholesterol”).
Coconut oil devotees say that the MCTs in coconut oil can help people lose weight and manage many other health conditions and diseases, from heart disease to diabetes.
But what’s the truth?
Unfortunately, right now there isn’t substantial evidence that proves that coconut oil is healthier than other oils. MCTs may have a leg up on LCTs, but there haven’t been any large-scale studies that show that shorter MCTs ultimately lead to weight loss, better heart health or a lower risk of stroke. Some decades-old research on populations whose cuisines feature coconut oil shows low rates of heart disease, but there are too many variables to consider: People of East Asian nations or the Pacific Islands may eat more fruits and vegetables, and fewer donuts, or get more exercise, or have any number of other health behaviors that can skew the results.
But this doesn’t mean that modern-day researchers aren’t interested in learning more. For example, the August 2009 issue of Diabetes featured an animal study, “Enhancement of muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity and alterations in insulin action are lipid species-dependent: Potent tissue-specific effects of medium chain fatty acids,” which suggests that MCTs can help protect against insulin resistance, a precursor to Type 2 diabetes. In this study, mice were fed diets that contained either MCTs or LCTs; at the end of the five-week period, the mice that received the MCTs weighed less and had better glucose tolerance. The authors concluded that “ … dietary supplementation with MCFA [medium-chain fatty acids] may therefore be beneficial for preventing obesity and peripheral insulin resistance.”
This is promising and offers some proof that MCTs are beneficial and may help promote weight loss because of the way that mammalian bodies metabolize them. But it’s a long way from mice to men, and more research is needed on MCTs, as well as the role they play in foods.
If you want to add coconut oil to your diet, it’s certainly safe and easy enough to do: Simply replace the oils and fats you normally use with virgin coconut oil. Just remember that coconut oil is quite high in saturated fat, so be careful not to take in too many extra calories. At the end of the day, fat is fat. We know that olive, safflower and canola oils are healthier fats, so these are other good options for cutting calories when cooking.
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Coconut Water
Next I turned my attention to the other item in the beach-inspired product display: coconut water. Coconut water comes from young, green coconuts, and it tastes nutty and slightly sweet. It’s currently enjoying its moment in the proverbial sun, as industry giants Coca-Cola and PepsiCo have recently introduced their own lines of coconut waters.
Nutritionally, coconut water does boast special features and is in some ways deserving of its nickname, “Nature’s Gatorade.” It contains a good deal of potassium: almost 490 milligrams in an 8-ounce serving. (By way of comparison, a medium-sized banana contains about 450 milligrams.) An 8-ounce serving also contains 44 milligrams of sodium (salt), as well as 10 grams of carbohydrates.
When compared ounce-for-ounce to Gatorade (a longtime workout standby), coconut water has virtually the same number of calories and carbohydrates. The main differences are the amounts of potassium and sodium (Gatorade has 30 milligrams and 110 milligrams, respectively). The other big difference is price: You’ll pay roughly $2 for an 8-ounce container of coconut water, and $3 for a 32-ounce bottle of Gatorade.
If you are curious about coconut water and eager to sip a new drink after your next moderate-intensity workout, it may be worth a try. Some people love the taste and say it re-hydrates and rejuvenates them better than other sports drinks. Others say that the potassium boost is just what their muscles need after a run or trip to the gym.
Just be forewarned that if you’ve completed a hard workout that makes you very sweaty, you may need to drink a lot of coconut water to restore your electrolytes. Gatorade or similar sports drinks, with their higher sodium content that is calibrated specifically to replenish the body’s salts and minerals, may be a more effective choice. And for everyday light workouts or walks, don’t forget about plain old water! It’s free, easy to find, and calorie-free—and although it doesn’t have the cachet of coconut, it does the trick when it comes to keeping you hydrated.
Eugénie Olson
Contributing Editor
New England Health Advisory





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